syzbot


KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer

Status: upstream: reported on 2026/01/01 12:01
Reported-by: syzbot+09c0af25290c423864c8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 65d, last: 2d08h
Similar bugs (3)
Kernel Title Rank 🛈 Repro Cause bisect Fix bisect Count Last Reported Patched Status
linux-5.15 KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer 19 3 70d 86d 0/3 upstream: reported on 2025/12/11 18:28
upstream KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer sound 19 4 288d 304d 0/29 auto-obsoleted due to no activity on 2025/08/21 21:22
upstream KASAN: slab-use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer (2) sound 19 12 160d 165d 29/29 fixed on 2025/10/29 21:02

Sample crash report:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in snd_usbmidi_error_timer+0x5fe/0x660 sound/usb/midi.c:352
Read of size 1 at addr ffff8880552ef143 by task syz-executor/4274

CPU: 0 PID: 4274 Comm: syz-executor Not tainted syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2026
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x188/0x24e lib/dump_stack.c:106
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:316 [inline]
 print_report+0xa8/0x210 mm/kasan/report.c:420
 kasan_report+0x10b/0x140 mm/kasan/report.c:524
 snd_usbmidi_error_timer+0x5fe/0x660 sound/usb/midi.c:352
 call_timer_fn+0x1ac/0x670 kernel/time/timer.c:1701
 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1752 [inline]
 __run_timers+0x53e/0x800 kernel/time/timer.c:2023
 run_timer_softirq+0x63/0xf0 kernel/time/timer.c:2036
 handle_softirqs+0x2a1/0x930 kernel/softirq.c:596
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:630 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:470 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0x13b/0x230 kernel/softirq.c:679
 irq_exit_rcu+0x5/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:691
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1118 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa0/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1118
 </IRQ>
 <TASK>
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x16/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:691
RIP: 0010:lock_release+0x5ab/0x920 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5686
Code: 00 00 00 f7 84 24 80 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 43 c6 44 2f 04 f8 75 70 f7 44 24 50 00 02 00 00 74 01 fb 48 c7 44 24 60 0e 36 e0 45 <4b> c7 04 2f 00 00 00 00 43 c7 44 2f 08 00 00 00 00 65 48 8b 04 25
RSP: 0018:ffffc90003cc7420 EFLAGS: 00000206
RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: b6d80f72a6271125 RCX: 4786d7476abc3000
RDX: 0000000000000005 RSI: ffffffff8a8c23a0 RDI: ffffffff8adf0f60
RBP: ffffc90003cc7530 R08: ffffffff8e1fd76f R09: 1ffffffff1c3faed
R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffffbfff1c3faee R12: ffff88802f2a8ba8
R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: ffff88802f2a8ad0 R15: 1ffff92000798e90
 page_table_check_pte_set include/linux/page_table_check.h:83 [inline]
 set_pte_at arch/x86/include/asm/pgtable.h:1009 [inline]
 copy_present_pte mm/memory.c:1000 [inline]
 copy_pte_range mm/memory.c:1091 [inline]
 copy_pmd_range mm/memory.c:1177 [inline]
 copy_pud_range mm/memory.c:1214 [inline]
 copy_p4d_range mm/memory.c:1238 [inline]
 copy_page_range+0x24ea/0x3900 mm/memory.c:1332
 dup_mmap kernel/fork.c:702 [inline]
 dup_mm kernel/fork.c:1546 [inline]
 copy_mm+0xec3/0x1690 kernel/fork.c:1595
 copy_process+0x1979/0x4030 kernel/fork.c:2356
 kernel_clone+0x24b/0x900 kernel/fork.c:2762
 __do_sys_clone kernel/fork.c:2903 [inline]
 __se_sys_clone kernel/fork.c:2887 [inline]
 __x64_sys_clone+0x1a7/0x220 kernel/fork.c:2887
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2
RIP: 0033:0x7f86ecbc5212
Code: 89 e7 e8 71 8b f7 ff 45 31 c0 31 d2 31 f6 64 48 8b 04 25 10 00 00 00 bf 11 00 20 01 4c 8d 90 d0 02 00 00 b8 38 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 66 89 c5 85 c0 75 3b 64 48 8b 04 25 10 00 00
RSP: 002b:00007ffeba8cdd80 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000038
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffeba8cdd80 RCX: 00007f86ecbc5212
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000001200011
RBP: 00007ffeba8cdf0c R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000001
R10: 00005555872167d0 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000001
R13: 00000000000927c0 R14: 00000000000db297 R15: 00007ffeba8cdf60
 </TASK>

Allocated by task 4255:
 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:46 [inline]
 kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:53
 ____kasan_kmalloc mm/kasan/common.c:375 [inline]
 __kasan_kmalloc+0x8e/0xa0 mm/kasan/common.c:384
 kmalloc include/linux/slab.h:563 [inline]
 kzalloc include/linux/slab.h:699 [inline]
 snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create+0x7e/0xa20 sound/usb/midi.c:1342
 snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints sound/usb/midi.c:1937 [inline]
 __snd_usbmidi_create+0x17d8/0x30b0 sound/usb/midi.c:2659
 snd_usb_create_quirk sound/usb/quirks.c:539 [inline]
 create_composite_quirk+0x1ec/0x4e0 sound/usb/quirks.c:48
 usb_audio_probe+0xb97/0x1d90 sound/usb/card.c:885
 usb_probe_interface+0x5c5/0xb20 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:396
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_set_configuration+0x1991/0x1fd0 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2165
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x89/0x150 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:238
 usb_probe_device+0x139/0x270 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:293
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_new_device+0xd66/0x1650 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2659
 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5517 [inline]
 hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5657 [inline]
 port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5817 [inline]
 hub_event+0x2dcf/0x5560 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5899
 process_one_work+0x8a2/0x1160 kernel/workqueue.c:2292
 worker_thread+0xaa2/0x1270 kernel/workqueue.c:2439
 kthread+0x29d/0x330 kernel/kthread.c:376
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295

Freed by task 4255:
 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:46 [inline]
 kasan_set_track+0x4b/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:53
 kasan_save_free_info+0x2d/0x50 mm/kasan/generic.c:516
 ____kasan_slab_free+0x126/0x1e0 mm/kasan/common.c:237
 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:177 [inline]
 slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:1729 [inline]
 slab_free_freelist_hook+0x131/0x1a0 mm/slub.c:1755
 slab_free mm/slub.c:3687 [inline]
 __kmem_cache_free+0xb6/0x1f0 mm/slub.c:3700
 snd_usbmidi_free sound/usb/midi.c:1530 [inline]
 snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free+0xaa/0x150 sound/usb/midi.c:1590
 snd_rawmidi_free+0x3b7/0x3e0 sound/core/rawmidi.c:1908
 snd_rawmidi_dev_free+0x34/0x40 sound/core/rawmidi.c:1917
 __snd_device_free+0x1cd/0x2e0 sound/core/device.c:76
 snd_device_free_all+0xcb/0x180 sound/core/device.c:233
 snd_card_do_free sound/core/init.c:603 [inline]
 release_card_device+0x6b/0x1a0 sound/core/init.c:145
 device_release+0x92/0x1c0 drivers/base/core.c:-1
 kobject_cleanup lib/kobject.c:681 [inline]
 kobject_release lib/kobject.c:712 [inline]
 kref_put include/linux/kref.h:65 [inline]
 kobject_put+0x21d/0x460 lib/kobject.c:729
 snd_card_free_when_closed sound/core/init.c:633 [inline]
 snd_card_free+0x14b/0x1e0 sound/core/init.c:666
 usb_audio_probe+0x18bd/0x1d90 sound/usb/card.c:939
 usb_probe_interface+0x5c5/0xb20 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:396
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_set_configuration+0x1991/0x1fd0 drivers/usb/core/message.c:2165
 usb_generic_driver_probe+0x89/0x150 drivers/usb/core/generic.c:238
 usb_probe_device+0x139/0x270 drivers/usb/core/driver.c:293
 call_driver_probe drivers/base/dd.c:-1 [inline]
 really_probe+0x2aa/0xc70 drivers/base/dd.c:639
 __driver_probe_device+0x18c/0x330 drivers/base/dd.c:785
 driver_probe_device+0x4f/0x420 drivers/base/dd.c:815
 __device_attach_driver+0x2c6/0x510 drivers/base/dd.c:943
 bus_for_each_drv+0x184/0x210 drivers/base/bus.c:429
 __device_attach+0x2a8/0x480 drivers/base/dd.c:1015
 bus_probe_device+0xbc/0x1e0 drivers/base/bus.c:489
 device_add+0xa00/0xfb0 drivers/base/core.c:3697
 usb_new_device+0xd66/0x1650 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:2659
 hub_port_connect drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5517 [inline]
 hub_port_connect_change drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5657 [inline]
 port_event drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5817 [inline]
 hub_event+0x2dcf/0x5560 drivers/usb/core/hub.c:5899
 process_one_work+0x8a2/0x1160 kernel/workqueue.c:2292
 worker_thread+0xaa2/0x1270 kernel/workqueue.c:2439
 kthread+0x29d/0x330 kernel/kthread.c:376
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8880552ef000
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-512 of size 512
The buggy address is located 323 bytes inside of
 512-byte region [ffff8880552ef000, ffff8880552ef200)

The buggy address belongs to the physical page:
page:ffffea000154bb00 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x552ec
head:ffffea000154bb00 order:2 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0
flags: 0xfff00000010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000010200 0000000000000000 dead000000000001 ffff888017441c80
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000100010 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 2, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0xd20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC), pid 4267, tgid 4267 (syz-executor), ts 77683098004, free_ts 17969511535
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:31 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x173/0x1a0 mm/page_alloc.c:2559
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:2566 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x1a1e/0x1ab0 mm/page_alloc.c:4357
 __alloc_pages+0x1ec/0x4f0 mm/page_alloc.c:5657
 alloc_slab_page+0x5d/0x160 mm/slub.c:1799
 allocate_slab mm/slub.c:1944 [inline]
 new_slab+0x87/0x2c0 mm/slub.c:1997
 ___slab_alloc+0xbc6/0x1240 mm/slub.c:3154
 __slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3240 [inline]
 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3325 [inline]
 __kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x1a0/0x260 mm/slub.c:3398
 __do_kmalloc_node mm/slab_common.c:935 [inline]
 __kmalloc_node_track_caller+0x9e/0x230 mm/slab_common.c:956
 kmalloc_reserve net/core/skbuff.c:446 [inline]
 __alloc_skb+0x22a/0x7e0 net/core/skbuff.c:515
 alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:1303 [inline]
 netlink_alloc_large_skb net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1182 [inline]
 netlink_sendmsg+0x654/0xbd0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1847
 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:718 [inline]
 __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:730 [inline]
 __sys_sendto+0x497/0x650 net/socket.c:2152
 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2164 [inline]
 __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2160 [inline]
 __x64_sys_sendto+0xda/0xf0 net/socket.c:2160
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2
page last free stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:24 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1486 [inline]
 free_pcp_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1536 [inline]
 free_unref_page_prepare+0x8b4/0x9a0 mm/page_alloc.c:3413
 free_unref_page+0x2e/0x3f0 mm/page_alloc.c:3508
 free_contig_range+0x9d/0x150 mm/page_alloc.c:9625
 destroy_args+0xf0/0xa0a mm/debug_vm_pgtable.c:1031
 debug_vm_pgtable+0x33c/0x38e mm/debug_vm_pgtable.c:1359
 do_one_initcall+0x26a/0x840 init/main.c:1310
 do_initcall_level+0x137/0x1e4 init/main.c:1383
 do_initcalls+0x4b/0x8a init/main.c:1399
 kernel_init_freeable+0x415/0x5be init/main.c:1638
 kernel_init+0x19/0x1b0 init/main.c:1526
 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:295

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff8880552ef000: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff8880552ef080: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
>ffff8880552ef100: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                                           ^
 ffff8880552ef180: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff8880552ef200: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
==================================================================
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
   0:	00 00                	add    %al,(%rax)
   2:	00 f7                	add    %dh,%bh
   4:	84 24 80             	test   %ah,(%rax,%rax,4)
   7:	00 00                	add    %al,(%rax)
   9:	00 00                	add    %al,(%rax)
   b:	02 00                	add    (%rax),%al
   d:	00 43 c6             	add    %al,-0x3a(%rbx)
  10:	44 2f                	rex.R (bad)
  12:	04 f8                	add    $0xf8,%al
  14:	75 70                	jne    0x86
  16:	f7 44 24 50 00 02 00 	testl  $0x200,0x50(%rsp)
  1d:	00
  1e:	74 01                	je     0x21
  20:	fb                   	sti
  21:	48 c7 44 24 60 0e 36 	movq   $0x45e0360e,0x60(%rsp)
  28:	e0 45
* 2a:	4b c7 04 2f 00 00 00 	movq   $0x0,(%r15,%r13,1) <-- trapping instruction
  31:	00
  32:	43 c7 44 2f 08 00 00 	movl   $0x0,0x8(%r15,%r13,1)
  39:	00 00
  3b:	65                   	gs
  3c:	48                   	rex.W
  3d:	8b                   	.byte 0x8b
  3e:	04 25                	add    $0x25,%al

Crashes (4):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/03/06 00:24 linux-6.1.y f2ddafa93a25 31e9c887 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
2026/02/12 16:35 linux-6.1.y 8ce36b2849ef 504cb1bf .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
2026/01/11 16:25 linux-6.1.y bec0e10ee67e d6526ea3 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
2026/01/01 12:01 linux-6.1.y 50cbba13faa2 d6526ea3 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-1-kasan KASAN: use-after-free Read in snd_usbmidi_error_timer
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.