BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:23db6
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888023db6480 pfn:0x23db6
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888023db6480 3ffffffffffffffe 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100204606043, free_ts 100196572718
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmems net/core/page_pool.c:667 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc_frag_netmem+0x421/0x9b0 net/core/page_pool.c:1076
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:131 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc_va include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:198 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc_va include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:221 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0x285/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:939
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
page last free pid 5193 tgid 5193 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 do_softirq+0xec/0x180 kernel/softirq.c:523
 __local_bh_enable_ip+0x17d/0x1c0 kernel/softirq.c:450
 local_bh_enable include/linux/bottom_half.h:33 [inline]
 __alloc_skb+0x224/0x430 net/core/skbuff.c:674
 alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:1383 [inline]
 alloc_skb_with_frags+0xca/0x890 net/core/skbuff.c:6712
 sock_alloc_send_pskb+0x84d/0x980 net/core/sock.c:2995
 unix_dgram_sendmsg+0x454/0x1840 net/unix/af_unix.c:2130
 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:718 [inline]
 __sock_sendmsg+0x21c/0x270 net/socket.c:733
 __sys_sendto+0x3bd/0x520 net/socket.c:2222
 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2229 [inline]
 __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2225 [inline]
 __x64_sys_sendto+0xde/0x100 net/socket.c:2225
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:333e4
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880333e4fc0 pfn:0x333e4
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff8880333e4fc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263128934, free_ts 100248471159
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:56959
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x56959
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263114248, free_ts 100248494882
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:55aff
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x55aff
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263097056, free_ts 100248509126
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:336e7
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x336e7
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263081334, free_ts 100248521454
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:75124
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888075124dc0 pfn:0x75124
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888075124dc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263064296, free_ts 100256087000
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:767b4
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x200000000 pfn:0x767b4
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000200000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263047814, free_ts 100256113200
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:7647f
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88807647f000 pfn:0x7647f
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88807647f000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263031381, free_ts 100256136983
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:52e82
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x52e82
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263016464, free_ts 100256156851
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:2e2ff
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88802e2ffdc0 pfn:0x2e2ff
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88802e2ffdc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100263000424, free_ts 100256168046
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:2e720
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x20000006c pfn:0x2e720
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: 000000020000006c 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100262982643, free_ts 100256188570
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.1.206  pfn:583d5
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x583d5
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff88801a1f3000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6766, tgid 6762 (syz.1.206), ts 100262965368, free_ts 100256209938
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5183
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5217 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5137
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:616
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:972
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5485 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5526 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
page last free pid 15 tgid 15 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xd70/0x1870 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2857
 handle_softirqs+0x27d/0x850 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x599/0xb30 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:246
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6766 Comm: syz.1.206 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4202 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4226
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4248 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4241
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:723 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x665/0x14c0 net/core/dev.c:5416
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5532 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x1190 net/core/dev.c:5594
 __netif_receive_skb_core+0x10b6/0x2f90 net/core/dev.c:5947
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core net/core/dev.c:6135 [inline]
 __netif_receive_skb+0x72/0x380 net/core/dev.c:6250
 netif_receive_skb_internal net/core/dev.c:6336 [inline]
 netif_receive_skb+0x1bb/0x750 net/core/dev.c:6395
 tun_rx_batched+0x1b9/0x730 drivers/net/tun.c:1485
 tun_get_user+0x2aa3/0x3dc0 drivers/net/tun.c:1953
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f7c4578e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007f7c46602000 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f7c459e5fa0 RCX: 00007f7c4578e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000180 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007f7c45813f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f7c459e6038 R14: 00007f7c459e5fa0 R15: 00007ffcc7331db8
 </TASK>