------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:28 at refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28, CPU#1: kbnepd bnep0/16394 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 16394 Comm: kbnepd bnep0 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28 Code: 54 b2 8e 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 b8 21 f3 fc 48 8d 3d 51 b2 8e 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 a5 21 f3 fc 48 8d 3d 4e b2 8e 0b <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 24 e8 92 21 f3 fc 48 8d 3d 4b b2 8e 0b 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc900033bf7e0 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff84d3f25b RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: ffff88801eba0000 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff8f3652c0 RDI: ffffffff9062a4b0 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffff88801eba0000 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: dffffc0000000000 R13: ffff88807b68b460 R14: ffff88807b68b478 R15: ffffffff8626e180 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88812504f000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f7b1e3f14b8 CR3: 000000000e946000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:400 [inline] __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:432 [inline] refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:450 [inline] kref_put include/linux/kref.h:64 [inline] klist_dec_and_del+0x3c7/0x3d0 lib/klist.c:206 klist_put lib/klist.c:217 [inline] klist_del+0xa6/0x110 lib/klist.c:230 device_del+0x27f/0x8f0 drivers/base/core.c:3938 unregister_netdevice_many_notify+0x1be4/0x2150 net/core/dev.c:12496 unregister_netdevice_many net/core/dev.c:12534 [inline] unregister_netdevice_queue net/core/dev.c:12336 [inline] unregister_netdevice include/linux/netdevice.h:3477 [inline] unregister_netdev+0x155/0x1f0 net/core/dev.c:12642 bnep_session+0x2af2/0x2d20 net/bluetooth/bnep/core.c:544 kthread+0x388/0x470 kernel/kthread.c:436 ret_from_fork+0x514/0xb70 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: 54 push %rsp 1: b2 8e mov $0x8e,%dl 3: 0b 67 48 or 0x48(%rdi),%esp 6: 0f b9 3a ud1 (%rdx),%edi 9: eb 4a jmp 0x55 b: e8 b8 21 f3 fc call 0xfcf321c8 10: 48 8d 3d 51 b2 8e 0b lea 0xb8eb251(%rip),%rdi # 0xb8eb268 17: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1c: eb 37 jmp 0x55 1e: e8 a5 21 f3 fc call 0xfcf321c8 23: 48 8d 3d 4e b2 8e 0b lea 0xb8eb24e(%rip),%rdi # 0xb8eb278 * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 24 jmp 0x55 31: e8 92 21 f3 fc call 0xfcf321c8 36: 48 8d 3d 4b b2 8e 0b lea 0xb8eb24b(%rip),%rdi # 0xb8eb288 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf