BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:78972
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888078972dc0 pfn:0x78972
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888078972dc0 3fffffffffffffff 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910279458, free_ts 107316268733
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmems net/core/page_pool.c:663 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc_frag_netmem+0x421/0x9b0 net/core/page_pool.c:1072
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:131 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb69/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 5996 tgid 5996 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:77752
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888077752000 pfn:0x77752
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888077752000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910259575, free_ts 107316288210
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 5996 tgid 5996 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:777b1
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880777b1000 pfn:0x777b1
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff8880777b1000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910240332, free_ts 107316307885
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 5996 tgid 5996 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:77733
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888077733dc0 pfn:0x77733
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888077733dc0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910221030, free_ts 107405763941
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 5999 tgid 5999 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:7773f
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88807773f280 pfn:0x7773f
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88807773f280 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910202582, free_ts 107405877493
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 5999 tgid 5999 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:77666
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff8880776668c0 pfn:0x77666
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff8880776668c0 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910123866, free_ts 107405916830
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 5999 tgid 5999 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]
 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline]
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xca/0x1f0 kernel/softirq.c:723
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739
 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052 [inline]
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1052
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:7768a
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x7768a
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910104644, free_ts 107446316303
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 23 tgid 23 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:7642a
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88807642a000 pfn:0x7642a
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88807642a000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910085001, free_ts 107446340790
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 23 tgid 23 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:777d8
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff888000000000 pfn:0x777d8
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff888000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910065924, free_ts 107446365525
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 23 tgid 23 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:7767e
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88807767ee00 pfn:0x7767e
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88807767ee00 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910046773, free_ts 107446379161
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 23 tgid 23 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:757ba
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x757ba
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910027603, free_ts 107446403931
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 23 tgid 23 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>
BUG: Bad page state in process syz.0.17  pfn:7767c
page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0xffff88807767c000 pfn:0x7767c
flags: 0xfff00000000000(node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x7ff)
raw: 00fff00000000000 dead000000000040 ffff8880216fb000 0000000000000000
raw: ffff88807767c000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000
page dumped because: page_pool leak
page_owner tracks the page as allocated
page last allocated via order 0, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x2820(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), pid 6045, tgid 6045 (syz.0.17), ts 108910008255, free_ts 107446428479
 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:32 [inline]
 post_alloc_hook+0x234/0x290 mm/page_alloc.c:1845
 prep_new_page mm/page_alloc.c:1853 [inline]
 get_page_from_freelist+0x2365/0x2440 mm/page_alloc.c:3879
 __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x181/0x370 mm/page_alloc.c:5178
 __alloc_pages_noprof mm/page_alloc.c:5212 [inline]
 alloc_pages_bulk_noprof+0x560/0x710 mm/page_alloc.c:5132
 alloc_pages_bulk_node_noprof include/linux/gfp.h:255 [inline]
 __page_pool_alloc_netmems_slow+0x14c/0x710 net/core/page_pool.c:612
 page_pool_alloc_netmem include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:128 [inline]
 page_pool_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:167 [inline]
 page_pool_dev_alloc include/net/page_pool/helpers.h:188 [inline]
 skb_pp_cow_data+0xb47/0x13e0 net/core/skbuff.c:952
 netif_skb_check_for_xdp net/core/dev.c:5429 [inline]
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5470 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x699/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
page last free pid 23 tgid 23 stack trace:
 reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:25 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1394 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xbc4/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 __tlb_remove_table_free mm/mmu_gather.c:227 [inline]
 tlb_remove_table_rcu+0x85/0x100 mm/mmu_gather.c:290
 rcu_do_batch kernel/rcu/tree.c:2605 [inline]
 rcu_core+0xcab/0x1770 kernel/rcu/tree.c:2861
 handle_softirqs+0x286/0x870 kernel/softirq.c:622
 run_ksoftirqd+0x9b/0x100 kernel/softirq.c:1063
 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160
 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463
 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6045 Comm: syz.0.17 Tainted: G    B               syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) 
Tainted: [B]=BAD_PAGE
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/25/2025
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x189/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 bad_page+0x180/0x1c0 mm/page_alloc.c:649
 free_page_is_bad mm/page_alloc.c:1082 [inline]
 free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1386 [inline]
 __free_frozen_pages+0xce2/0xd30 mm/page_alloc.c:2901
 bpf_xdp_shrink_data net/core/filter.c:4191 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_frags_shrink_tail+0x4f7/0x7f0 net/core/filter.c:4215
 ____bpf_xdp_adjust_tail net/core/filter.c:4237 [inline]
 bpf_xdp_adjust_tail+0x1d6/0x220 net/core/filter.c:4230
 bpf_prog_5d7dc57dfd7f985a+0x1e/0x24
 __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:721 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_xdp include/net/xdp.h:696 [inline]
 bpf_prog_run_generic_xdp+0x606/0x13d0 net/core/dev.c:5360
 netif_receive_generic_xdp net/core/dev.c:5476 [inline]
 do_xdp_generic+0x9f7/0x11a0 net/core/dev.c:5538
 tun_get_user+0x2527/0x3e90 drivers/net/tun.c:1872
 tun_chr_write_iter+0x113/0x200 drivers/net/tun.c:1999
 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline]
 vfs_write+0x5c9/0xb30 fs/read_write.c:686
 ksys_write+0x145/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xfa/0xfa0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7fef94d8e1ff
Code: 89 54 24 18 48 89 74 24 10 89 7c 24 08 e8 f9 92 02 00 48 8b 54 24 18 48 8b 74 24 10 41 89 c0 8b 7c 24 08 b8 01 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 31 44 89 c7 48 89 44 24 08 e8 4c 93 02 00 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffe32374fe0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000001
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fef94fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fef94d8e1ff
RDX: 000000000000fdef RSI: 0000200000000a80 RDI: 00000000000000c8
RBP: 00007fef94e13f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 000000000000fdef R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R14: 00007fef94fe5fa0 R15: 0000000000000003
 </TASK>