------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 10956 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 10956 Comm: udevd Not tainted 6.1.141-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 sp : ffff8000080178c0 x29: ffff8000080178c0 x28: ffff0000ce20d800 x27: ffff0000d26a3808 x26: ffff0000dee08af0 x25: dfff800000000000 x24: 1fffe0001a4d4701 x23: ffff0000c3075400 x22: ffff0000ceafb9d4 x21: ffff0000cc39f080 x20: ffff0000ceafb9d4 x19: ffff800017a32000 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082d1c00 x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000ffffffff x13: 0000000000000001 x12: 0000000000ff0100 x11: ff0080000819149c x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 62912390286c5c00 x8 : 62912390286c5c00 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff800008017358 x4 : ffff800015154700 x3 : ffff80000852da40 x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000100000100 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline] get_net include/net/net_namespace.h:257 [inline] tipc_aead_encrypt net/tipc/crypto.c:821 [inline] tipc_crypto_xmit+0x1518/0x2014 net/tipc/crypto.c:1761 tipc_bearer_xmit_skb+0x1f0/0x384 net/tipc/bearer.c:574 tipc_disc_timeout+0x4c8/0x608 net/tipc/discover.c:338 call_timer_fn+0x1b8/0x964 kernel/time/timer.c:1504 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1549 [inline] __run_timers+0x460/0x6bc kernel/time/timer.c:1820 run_timer_softirq+0x7c/0x114 kernel/time/timer.c:1833 handle_softirqs+0x318/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:596 __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ____do_softirq+0x14/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:80 call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:893 do_softirq_own_stack+0x20/0x2c arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:85 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:477 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x23c/0x43c kernel/softirq.c:679 irq_exit_rcu+0x14/0x84 kernel/softirq.c:691 __el1_irq arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:472 [inline] el1_interrupt+0x38/0x54 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:486 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:491 el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:581 arch_local_irq_restore arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h:122 [inline] lock_acquire+0x24c/0x644 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5665 rcu_lock_acquire+0x40/0x4c include/linux/rcupdate.h:350 srcu_read_lock include/linux/srcu.h:165 [inline] tomoyo_read_lock security/tomoyo/common.h:1110 [inline] tomoyo_path_perm+0x1ac/0x440 security/tomoyo/file.c:821 tomoyo_inode_getattr+0x28/0x38 security/tomoyo/tomoyo.c:122 security_inode_getattr+0xd8/0x124 security/security.c:1361 vfs_getattr fs/stat.c:158 [inline] vfs_fstat fs/stat.c:183 [inline] __do_sys_newfstat fs/stat.c:447 [inline] __se_sys_newfstat fs/stat.c:444 [inline] __arm64_sys_newfstat+0xe8/0x1d0 fs/stat.c:444 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:38 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x98/0x2bc arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:52 el0_svc_common+0x138/0x258 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:140 do_el0_svc+0x58/0x13c arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:204 el0_svc+0x58/0x138 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:637 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x84/0xf0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:655 el0t_64_sync+0x18c/0x190 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:585 irq event stamp: 477615 hardirqs last enabled at (477614): [] __up_console_sem+0xb4/0x100 kernel/printk/printk.c:261 hardirqs last disabled at (477615): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:405 softirqs last enabled at (477378): [] local_bh_enable+0x10/0x34 include/linux/bottom_half.h:32 softirqs last disabled at (477583): [] __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 10956 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 10956 Comm: udevd Tainted: G W 6.1.141-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 sp : ffff8000080178c0 x29: ffff8000080178c0 x28: ffff0000ce20d800 x27: 0000000000000000 x26: ffff0000dee08af0 x25: dfff800000000000 x24: 1fffe0001bdc1168 x23: 1fffe000194486f1 x22: ffff0000d26a3800 x21: 00000000c0000000 x20: ffff0000ceafb9d4 x19: ffff800017a32000 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082d1c00 x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000ffffffff x13: 0000000000000001 x12: 0000000000ff0100 x11: ff0080000819149c x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 62912390286c5c00 x8 : 62912390286c5c00 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff800008017358 x4 : ffff800015154700 x3 : ffff8000083115f4 x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000000000100 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:283 [inline] __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline] refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline] put_net include/net/net_namespace.h:276 [inline] tipc_aead_encrypt net/tipc/crypto.c:829 [inline] tipc_crypto_xmit+0x1664/0x2014 net/tipc/crypto.c:1761 tipc_bearer_xmit_skb+0x1f0/0x384 net/tipc/bearer.c:574 tipc_disc_timeout+0x4c8/0x608 net/tipc/discover.c:338 call_timer_fn+0x1b8/0x964 kernel/time/timer.c:1504 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1549 [inline] __run_timers+0x460/0x6bc kernel/time/timer.c:1820 run_timer_softirq+0x7c/0x114 kernel/time/timer.c:1833 handle_softirqs+0x318/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:596 __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ____do_softirq+0x14/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:80 call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:893 do_softirq_own_stack+0x20/0x2c arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:85 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:477 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x23c/0x43c kernel/softirq.c:679 irq_exit_rcu+0x14/0x84 kernel/softirq.c:691 __el1_irq arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:472 [inline] el1_interrupt+0x38/0x54 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:486 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:491 el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:581 arch_local_irq_restore arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h:122 [inline] lock_acquire+0x24c/0x644 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5665 rcu_lock_acquire+0x40/0x4c include/linux/rcupdate.h:350 srcu_read_lock include/linux/srcu.h:165 [inline] tomoyo_read_lock security/tomoyo/common.h:1110 [inline] tomoyo_path_perm+0x1ac/0x440 security/tomoyo/file.c:821 tomoyo_inode_getattr+0x28/0x38 security/tomoyo/tomoyo.c:122 security_inode_getattr+0xd8/0x124 security/security.c:1361 vfs_getattr fs/stat.c:158 [inline] vfs_fstat fs/stat.c:183 [inline] __do_sys_newfstat fs/stat.c:447 [inline] __se_sys_newfstat fs/stat.c:444 [inline] __arm64_sys_newfstat+0xe8/0x1d0 fs/stat.c:444 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:38 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x98/0x2bc arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:52 el0_svc_common+0x138/0x258 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:140 do_el0_svc+0x58/0x13c arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:204 el0_svc+0x58/0x138 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:637 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x84/0xf0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:655 el0t_64_sync+0x18c/0x190 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:585 irq event stamp: 477649 hardirqs last enabled at (477648): [] __up_console_sem+0xb4/0x100 kernel/printk/printk.c:261 hardirqs last disabled at (477649): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:405 softirqs last enabled at (477378): [] local_bh_enable+0x10/0x34 include/linux/bottom_half.h:32 softirqs last disabled at (477583): [] __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 11645 at lib/refcount.c:22 refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 11645 Comm: syz-executor Tainted: G W 6.1.141-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 sp : ffff8000080178c0 x29: ffff8000080178c0 x28: ffff0000ccc29800 x27: ffff0000d26a3808 x26: ffff0000dee08af0 x25: dfff800000000000 x24: 1fffe0001a4d4701 x23: ffff0000c3075400 x22: ffff0000ceafb9d4 x21: 000000007ffffffe x20: ffff0000ceafb9d4 x19: ffff800017a32000 x18: ffff800011a7bce0 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082d1c00 x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000ffffffff x13: 0000000000000001 x12: 0000000000ff0100 x11: ff0080000819149c x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 266f35cb0530fb00 x8 : 266f35cb0530fb00 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff800008017358 x4 : ffff800015154700 x3 : ffff80000852da40 x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000000000101 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline] get_net include/net/net_namespace.h:257 [inline] tipc_aead_encrypt net/tipc/crypto.c:821 [inline] tipc_crypto_xmit+0x1518/0x2014 net/tipc/crypto.c:1761 tipc_bearer_xmit_skb+0x1f0/0x384 net/tipc/bearer.c:574 tipc_disc_timeout+0x4c8/0x608 net/tipc/discover.c:338 call_timer_fn+0x1b8/0x964 kernel/time/timer.c:1504 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1549 [inline] __run_timers+0x460/0x6bc kernel/time/timer.c:1820 run_timer_softirq+0x7c/0x114 kernel/time/timer.c:1833 handle_softirqs+0x318/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:596 __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ____do_softirq+0x14/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:80 call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:893 do_softirq_own_stack+0x20/0x2c arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:85 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:477 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x23c/0x43c kernel/softirq.c:679 irq_exit_rcu+0x14/0x84 kernel/softirq.c:691 __el1_irq arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:472 [inline] el1_interrupt+0x38/0x54 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:486 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:491 el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:581 check_kcov_mode kernel/kcov.c:182 [inline] __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc+0x5c/0x94 kernel/kcov.c:216 check_preemption_disabled+0x28/0x104 lib/smp_processor_id.c:14 debug_smp_processor_id+0x20/0x2c lib/smp_processor_id.c:60 rcu_dynticks_curr_cpu_in_eqs include/linux/context_tracking.h:122 [inline] rcu_is_watching+0x50/0x134 kernel/rcu/tree.c:721 trace_kmem_cache_alloc+0x50/0x104 include/trace/events/kmem.h:12 kmem_cache_alloc_node+0x274/0x34c mm/slub.c:3445 __alloc_skb+0x128/0x718 net/core/skbuff.c:505 alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:1271 [inline] alloc_uevent_skb+0x78/0x1e0 lib/kobject_uevent.c:290 uevent_net_broadcast_tagged lib/kobject_uevent.c:351 [inline] kobject_uevent_net_broadcast+0x15c/0x52c lib/kobject_uevent.c:412 kobject_uevent_env+0x52c/0x868 lib/kobject_uevent.c:608 kobject_uevent+0x2c/0x3c lib/kobject_uevent.c:657 __kobject_del+0xd8/0x2d4 lib/kobject.c:593 kobject_cleanup lib/kobject.c:672 [inline] kobject_release lib/kobject.c:712 [inline] kref_put include/linux/kref.h:65 [inline] kobject_put+0x2c8/0x438 lib/kobject.c:729 net_rx_queue_update_kobjects+0x3ac/0x424 net/core/net-sysfs.c:1126 netif_set_real_num_rx_queues+0x100/0x1f8 net/core/dev.c:2999 veth_init_queues+0x10c/0x198 drivers/net/veth.c:1655 veth_newlink+0x7a8/0xa24 drivers/net/veth.c:1773 rtnl_newlink_create net/core/rtnetlink.c:3422 [inline] __rtnl_newlink net/core/rtnetlink.c:3642 [inline] rtnl_newlink+0x102c/0x1a1c net/core/rtnetlink.c:3655 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x734/0xce4 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6153 netlink_rcv_skb+0x208/0x3c4 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2493 rtnetlink_rcv+0x28/0x38 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6171 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1311 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x600/0x818 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1337 netlink_sendmsg+0x6e8/0x9b0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1859 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:718 [inline] __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:730 [inline] __sys_sendto+0x304/0x3fc net/socket.c:2153 __do_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2165 [inline] __se_sys_sendto net/socket.c:2161 [inline] __arm64_sys_sendto+0xd8/0xf8 net/socket.c:2161 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:38 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x98/0x2bc arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:52 el0_svc_common+0x138/0x258 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:140 do_el0_svc+0x58/0x13c arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:204 el0_svc+0x58/0x138 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:637 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x84/0xf0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:655 el0t_64_sync+0x18c/0x190 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:585 irq event stamp: 44859 hardirqs last enabled at (44858): [] __up_console_sem+0xb4/0x100 kernel/printk/printk.c:261 hardirqs last disabled at (44859): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:405 softirqs last enabled at (44760): [] spin_unlock_bh include/linux/spinlock.h:396 [inline] softirqs last enabled at (44760): [] qdisc_reset_all_tx_gt include/net/sch_generic.h:733 [inline] softirqs last enabled at (44760): [] netif_set_real_num_tx_queues+0x528/0x774 net/core/dev.c:2965 softirqs last disabled at (44785): [] __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---