================================================================== BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in kobject_get+0x113/0x120 lib/kobject.c:663 Read of size 1 at addr ffff88811fe5983c by task syz.5.594/1901 CPU: 1 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Not tainted syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 Call Trace: __dump_stack+0x21/0x30 lib/dump_stack.c:88 dump_stack_lvl+0x110/0x170 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description+0x7f/0x2c0 mm/kasan/report.c:248 __kasan_report mm/kasan/report.c:427 [inline] kasan_report+0x10f/0x150 mm/kasan/report.c:444 __asan_report_load1_noabort+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/report_generic.c:306 kobject_get+0x113/0x120 lib/kobject.c:663 get_device drivers/base/core.c:3518 [inline] device_add+0x2f0/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3342 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 Allocated by task 1542: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:38 [inline] kasan_set_track mm/kasan/common.c:45 [inline] set_alloc_info mm/kasan/common.c:433 [inline] __kasan_slab_alloc+0xb7/0xe0 mm/kasan/common.c:466 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:217 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook+0x4f/0x2b0 mm/slab.h:550 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3245 [inline] slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3255 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc+0xf7/0x260 mm/slub.c:3260 getname_flags+0xba/0x510 fs/namei.c:138 getname+0x19/0x20 fs/namei.c:217 do_sys_openat2+0xeb/0x7f0 fs/open.c:1230 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1252 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1268 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1263 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x136/0x160 fs/open.c:1263 x64_sys_call+0x219/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:258 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 Freed by task 1542: kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:38 [inline] kasan_set_track+0x4a/0x70 mm/kasan/common.c:45 kasan_set_free_info+0x23/0x40 mm/kasan/generic.c:370 ____kasan_slab_free+0x125/0x160 mm/kasan/common.c:365 __kasan_slab_free+0x11/0x20 mm/kasan/common.c:373 kasan_slab_free include/linux/kasan.h:193 [inline] slab_free_hook mm/slub.c:1728 [inline] slab_free_freelist_hook+0xc2/0x190 mm/slub.c:1754 slab_free mm/slub.c:3526 [inline] kmem_cache_free+0x100/0x320 mm/slub.c:3544 putname+0x111/0x160 fs/namei.c:271 do_sys_openat2+0x6df/0x7f0 fs/open.c:1245 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1252 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1268 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1263 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x136/0x160 fs/open.c:1263 x64_sys_call+0x219/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:258 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff88811fe59100 which belongs to the cache names_cache of size 4096 The buggy address is located 1852 bytes inside of 4096-byte region [ffff88811fe59100, ffff88811fe5a100) The buggy address belongs to the page: page:ffffea00047f9600 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x11fe58 head:ffffea00047f9600 order:3 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0 flags: 0x4000000000010200(slab|head|zone=1) raw: 4000000000010200 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 ffff8881001c5500 raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000070007 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000 page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last allocated via order 3, migratetype Unmovable, gfp_mask 0x1d20c0(__GFP_IO|__GFP_FS|__GFP_NOWARN|__GFP_NORETRY|__GFP_COMP|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_HARDWALL), pid 310, ts 59107364340, free_ts 57310023058 set_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:33 [inline] post_alloc_hook+0x192/0x1b0 mm/page_alloc.c:2607 prep_new_page+0x1c/0x110 mm/page_alloc.c:2613 get_page_from_freelist+0x2c3a/0x2cd0 mm/page_alloc.c:4487 __alloc_pages+0x1a2/0x460 mm/page_alloc.c:5824 alloc_slab_page mm/slub.c:-1 [inline] allocate_slab mm/slub.c:1937 [inline] new_slab+0xa0/0x4d0 mm/slub.c:2000 ___slab_alloc+0x3ac/0x840 mm/slub.c:3033 __slab_alloc+0x49/0x90 mm/slub.c:3120 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3211 [inline] slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3255 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc+0x138/0x260 mm/slub.c:3260 getname_flags+0xba/0x510 fs/namei.c:138 getname+0x19/0x20 fs/namei.c:217 do_sys_openat2+0xeb/0x7f0 fs/open.c:1230 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1252 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1268 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1263 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x136/0x160 fs/open.c:1263 x64_sys_call+0x219/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:258 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 page last free stack trace: reset_page_owner include/linux/page_owner.h:26 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1474 [inline] free_pcp_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1546 [inline] free_unref_page_prepare+0x5fa/0x600 mm/page_alloc.c:3536 free_unref_page+0xae/0x540 mm/page_alloc.c:3618 free_the_page mm/page_alloc.c:805 [inline] __free_pages+0x6c/0x100 mm/page_alloc.c:5900 __free_slab+0xe5/0x1e0 mm/slub.c:2025 free_slab mm/slub.c:2040 [inline] discard_slab mm/slub.c:2046 [inline] __unfreeze_partials+0x15a/0x190 mm/slub.c:2532 put_cpu_partial+0xc6/0x120 mm/slub.c:2612 __slab_free+0x1d4/0x290 mm/slub.c:3395 do_slab_free mm/slub.c:3514 [inline] ___cache_free+0x104/0x120 mm/slub.c:3535 qlink_free+0x4d/0x90 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:157 qlist_free_all+0x5f/0xb0 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:176 kasan_quarantine_reduce+0x14a/0x170 mm/kasan/quarantine.c:283 __kasan_slab_alloc+0x2f/0xe0 mm/kasan/common.c:443 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:217 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook+0x4f/0x2b0 mm/slab.h:550 slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:3245 [inline] slab_alloc mm/slub.c:3255 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc+0xf7/0x260 mm/slub.c:3260 getname_flags+0xba/0x510 fs/namei.c:138 getname+0x19/0x20 fs/namei.c:217 Memory state around the buggy address: ffff88811fe59700: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff88811fe59780: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb >ffff88811fe59800: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ^ ffff88811fe59880: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff88811fe59900: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ================================================================== ------------[ cut here ]------------ kobject: '(null)' (ffff88811fe59800): is not initialized, yet kobject_get() is being called. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 at lib/kobject.c:666 kobject_get+0x7c/0x120 lib/kobject.c:664 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:kobject_get+0x7c/0x120 lib/kobject.c:664 Code: f9 fe 48 89 d8 48 c1 e8 03 42 80 3c 38 00 74 08 48 89 df e8 26 44 39 ff 48 8b 33 48 c7 c7 a0 c5 64 85 48 89 da e8 04 bc 3a 02 <0f> 0b eb 0c e8 9b d4 f9 fe eb 4c e8 94 d4 f9 fe 4c 8d 73 38 4c 89 RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c17a18 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: ffff88811fe59800 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c17a30 R08: 0000000000000003 R09: 0000000000000004 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffff52000182ea4 R12: 1ffff1102006400e R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: dffffc0000000000 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055558174d908 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506a0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: get_device drivers/base/core.c:3518 [inline] device_add+0x2f0/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3342 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd2fe ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x104/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:25 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B W syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x104/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:25 Code: 04 01 48 c7 c7 c0 4a 63 85 e8 58 67 5a 02 0f 0b eb df e8 ef 7f 19 ff c6 05 ab f4 95 04 01 48 c7 c7 00 4a 63 85 e8 3c 67 5a 02 <0f> 0b eb c3 e8 d3 7f 19 ff c6 05 90 f4 95 04 01 48 c7 c7 60 4a 63 RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c179f8 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c17a08 R08: ffff8881f7127493 R09: 1ffff1103ee24e92 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed103ee24e93 R12: 1ffff1102006400e R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: 0000000000000002 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055558174d908 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506a0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline] kref_get include/linux/kref.h:45 [inline] kobject_get+0xfb/0x120 lib/kobject.c:667 get_device drivers/base/core.c:3518 [inline] device_add+0x2f0/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3342 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd2ff ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ kobject: '(null)' (ffff88811fe59800): is not initialized, yet kobject_get() is being called. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 at lib/kobject.c:666 kobject_get lib/kobject.c:664 [inline] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 at lib/kobject.c:666 kobject_add_internal+0x12e/0xde0 lib/kobject.c:248 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B W syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:kobject_get lib/kobject.c:664 [inline] RIP: 0010:kobject_add_internal+0x12e/0xde0 lib/kobject.c:248 Code: b9 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 80 3c 08 00 74 08 4c 89 e7 e8 a5 2b 39 ff 49 8b 34 24 48 c7 c7 a0 c5 64 85 4c 89 e2 e8 82 a3 3a 02 <0f> 0b e9 04 01 00 00 e8 16 bc f9 fe b8 fe ff ff ff e9 b0 09 00 00 RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c17898 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: ffff8881073d4900 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c178f0 R08: ffffc90000c17307 R09: 1ffff92000182e60 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffff52000182e61 R12: ffff88811fe59800 R13: ffff8881073d4918 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 1ffff11020e7a920 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055558174d908 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506a0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: kobject_add_varg lib/kobject.c:398 [inline] kobject_add+0x165/0x230 lib/kobject.c:450 class_dir_create_and_add drivers/base/core.c:2976 [inline] get_device_parent+0x3a6/0x410 drivers/base/core.c:3031 device_add+0x308/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3343 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd300 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 at lib/refcount.c:22 refcount_warn_saturate+0x158/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:22 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B W syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x158/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:22 Code: 04 01 48 c7 c7 a0 49 63 85 e8 04 67 5a 02 0f 0b eb 8b e8 9b 7f 19 ff c6 05 56 f4 95 04 01 48 c7 c7 a0 49 63 85 e8 e8 66 5a 02 <0f> 0b e9 6c ff ff ff e8 7c 7f 19 ff c6 05 3b f4 95 04 01 48 c7 c7 RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c17878 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: 0000000000000001 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c17888 R08: ffff8881f7127493 R09: 1ffff1103ee24e92 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed103ee24e93 R12: 00000000c0000000 R13: ffff8881073d4918 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: ffff88811fe59838 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055558174d908 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506a0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline] kref_get include/linux/kref.h:45 [inline] kobject_get lib/kobject.c:667 [inline] kobject_add_internal+0xc44/0xde0 lib/kobject.c:248 kobject_add_varg lib/kobject.c:398 [inline] kobject_add+0x165/0x230 lib/kobject.c:450 class_dir_create_and_add drivers/base/core.c:2976 [inline] get_device_parent+0x3a6/0x410 drivers/base/core.c:3031 device_add+0x308/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3343 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd301 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ kobject: '(null)' (ffff88811fe59800): is not initialized, yet kobject_put() is being called. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1901 at lib/kobject.c:760 kobject_put+0x8a/0x270 lib/kobject.c:758 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B W syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:kobject_put+0x8a/0x270 lib/kobject.c:758 Code: 48 b9 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 80 3c 08 00 74 08 48 89 df e8 f8 42 39 ff 48 8b 33 48 c7 c7 20 c6 64 85 48 89 da e8 d6 ba 3a 02 <0f> 0b eb 0f e8 6d d3 f9 fe e9 7c 01 00 00 e8 63 d3 f9 fe 4c 8d 7b RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c17860 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: ffff88811fe59800 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c17888 R08: ffff8881f7032f3f R09: 1ffff1103ee065e7 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: ffffed103ee065e8 R12: ffff88811fe59800 R13: ffff88811fe5983c R14: 1ffff11023fcb307 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7000000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fd724b7d2f8 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506b0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000071 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: kobject_add_internal+0xb52/0xde0 lib/kobject.c:266 kobject_add_varg lib/kobject.c:398 [inline] kobject_add+0x165/0x230 lib/kobject.c:450 class_dir_create_and_add drivers/base/core.c:2976 [inline] get_device_parent+0x3a6/0x410 drivers/base/core.c:3031 device_add+0x308/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3343 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd302 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1901 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x120/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:28 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B W syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x120/0x1a0 lib/refcount.c:28 Code: 04 01 48 c7 c7 00 4a 63 85 e8 3c 67 5a 02 0f 0b eb c3 e8 d3 7f 19 ff c6 05 90 f4 95 04 01 48 c7 c7 60 4a 63 85 e8 20 67 5a 02 <0f> 0b eb a7 e8 b7 7f 19 ff c6 05 71 f4 95 04 01 48 c7 c7 a0 49 63 RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c17840 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c17850 R08: ffffc90000c172a7 R09: 1ffff92000182e54 R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffff52000182e55 R12: 00000000c0000000 R13: ffff88811fe5983c R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffff88811fe59838 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7100000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055558174d908 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506a0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000071 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:283 [inline] __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline] refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline] kref_put include/linux/kref.h:64 [inline] kobject_put+0x231/0x270 lib/kobject.c:761 kobject_add_internal+0xb52/0xde0 lib/kobject.c:266 kobject_add_varg lib/kobject.c:398 [inline] kobject_add+0x165/0x230 lib/kobject.c:450 class_dir_create_and_add drivers/base/core.c:2976 [inline] get_device_parent+0x3a6/0x410 drivers/base/core.c:3031 device_add+0x308/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3343 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd303 ]--- kobject_add_internal failed for android_usb (error: -2 parent: (null)) ------------[ cut here ]------------ kobject: '(null)' (ffff88811fe59800): is not initialized, yet kobject_put() is being called. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1901 at lib/kobject.c:760 kobject_put+0x8a/0x270 lib/kobject.c:758 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 1901 Comm: syz.5.594 Tainted: G B W syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/24/2026 RIP: 0010:kobject_put+0x8a/0x270 lib/kobject.c:758 Code: 48 b9 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 80 3c 08 00 74 08 48 89 df e8 f8 42 39 ff 48 8b 33 48 c7 c7 20 c6 64 85 48 89 da e8 d6 ba 3a 02 <0f> 0b eb 0f e8 6d d3 f9 fe e9 7c 01 00 00 e8 63 d3 f9 fe 4c 8d 7b RSP: 0018:ffffc90000c17a08 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 1cfc3dfa16f51200 RBX: ffff88811fe59800 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90000ed1000 RSI: 000000000007ffff RDI: 0000000000080000 RBP: ffffc90000c17a30 R08: ffffc90000c17467 R09: 1ffff92000182e8c R10: dffffc0000000000 R11: fffff52000182e8d R12: ffff888100320068 R13: ffff88811fe5983c R14: 1ffff11023fcb307 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 00007f71bc70a6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881f7000000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fd724b7d2f8 CR3: 0000000105bbc000 CR4: 00000000003506b0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000071 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Call Trace: put_device drivers/base/core.c:3530 [inline] device_add+0x985/0xe90 drivers/base/core.c:3475 device_create_groups_vargs drivers/base/core.c:4118 [inline] device_create+0x26c/0x300 drivers/base/core.c:4160 create_function_device+0x60/0x70 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:31 create_alsa_device drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1262 [inline] f_midi_alloc_inst+0x1a8/0x380 drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_midi.c:1303 try_get_usb_function_instance drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:28 [inline] usb_get_function_instance+0xe2/0x2f0 drivers/usb/gadget/functions.c:44 function_make+0x118/0x350 drivers/usb/gadget/configfs.c:642 configfs_mkdir+0x50a/0x9c0 fs/configfs/dir.c:1329 vfs_mkdir+0x38b/0x590 fs/namei.c:4073 do_mkdirat+0x174/0x4d0 fs/namei.c:4098 __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4113 [inline] __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4111 [inline] __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x89/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4111 x64_sys_call+0x37e/0x9a0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:259 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x4c/0xa0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x66/0xd0 RIP: 0033:0x7f71bdcb10d9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f71bc70a028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000102 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f71bdf38fa0 RCX: 00007f71bdcb10d9 RDX: 00000000000001ff RSI: 0000200000000100 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007f71bdd48024 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f71bdf39038 R14: 00007f71bdf38fa0 R15: 00007ffd6c606c18 ---[ end trace 5a0813cc028cd304 ]---