------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:25 at refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25, CPU#1: syz.4.1755/17957 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 17957 Comm: syz.4.1755 Tainted: G L syzkaller #0 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} Tainted: [L]=SOFTLOCKUP Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/09/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25 Code: eb 66 85 db 74 3e 83 fb 01 75 4c e8 4b 3d 01 fd 48 8d 3d e4 d1 f5 0a 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 38 3d 01 fd 48 8d 3d e1 d1 f5 0a <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 25 3d 01 fd 48 8d 3d de d1 f5 0a 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc900055ffc28 EFLAGS: 00010287 RAX: ffffffff84c44678 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: 0000000000080000 RDX: ffffc90010233000 RSI: 000000000000076b RDI: ffffffff8fba1860 RBP: ffffc900055ffd10 R08: ffff8880325b8000 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000004 R12: dffffc0000000000 R13: ffff8880749a0eb8 R14: ffff8880749a0eb0 R15: ffff8880749a0e00 FS: 00007f5a374e66c0(0000) GS:ffff888125d3c000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007ffd424abf52 CR3: 000000003ee96000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline] kref_get include/linux/kref.h:45 [inline] dma_fence_get include/linux/dma-fence.h:317 [inline] sync_timeline_signal+0x472/0x810 drivers/dma-buf/sw_sync.c:224 sw_sync_ioctl_inc drivers/dma-buf/sw_sync.c:401 [inline] sw_sync_ioctl+0x4f9/0x1110 drivers/dma-buf/sw_sync.c:470 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0xff/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:583 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:61 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x17b/0x530 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:85 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f5a3928de99 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f5a374e6028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f5a39515fa0 RCX: 00007f5a3928de99 RDX: 0000200000000280 RSI: 0000000040045701 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007f5a39323eaf R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f5a39516038 R14: 00007f5a39515fa0 R15: 00007ffed9ad08c8 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: eb 66 jmp 0x68 2: 85 db test %ebx,%ebx 4: 74 3e je 0x44 6: 83 fb 01 cmp $0x1,%ebx 9: 75 4c jne 0x57 b: e8 4b 3d 01 fd call 0xfd013d5b 10: 48 8d 3d e4 d1 f5 0a lea 0xaf5d1e4(%rip),%rdi # 0xaf5d1fb 17: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1c: eb 4a jmp 0x68 1e: e8 38 3d 01 fd call 0xfd013d5b 23: 48 8d 3d e1 d1 f5 0a lea 0xaf5d1e1(%rip),%rdi # 0xaf5d20b * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 37 jmp 0x68 31: e8 25 3d 01 fd call 0xfd013d5b 36: 48 8d 3d de d1 f5 0a lea 0xaf5d1de(%rip),%rdi # 0xaf5d21b 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf