------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5396 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 5396 Comm: modprobe Not tainted 6.1.141-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 sp : ffff8000080078c0 x29: ffff8000080078c0 x28: ffff0000f4432c00 x27: ffff0000d3fb4408 x26: ffff0000d86d3270 x25: dfff800000000000 x24: 1fffe0001a7f6881 x23: ffff0000f37ba800 x22: ffff0000d59d9d94 x21: ffff0000dab6f880 x20: ffff0000d59d9d94 x19: ffff800017a32000 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082d1c00 x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000ffffffff x13: 0000000000000001 x12: 0000000000ff0100 x11: ff0080000819149c x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 1d068b124ad49a00 x8 : 1d068b124ad49a00 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff800008007358 x4 : ffff800015154700 x3 : ffff80000852da40 x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000000000100 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x134/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:25 __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline] get_net include/net/net_namespace.h:257 [inline] tipc_aead_encrypt net/tipc/crypto.c:821 [inline] tipc_crypto_xmit+0x1518/0x2014 net/tipc/crypto.c:1761 tipc_bearer_xmit_skb+0x1f0/0x384 net/tipc/bearer.c:574 tipc_disc_timeout+0x4c8/0x608 net/tipc/discover.c:338 call_timer_fn+0x1b8/0x964 kernel/time/timer.c:1504 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1549 [inline] __run_timers+0x460/0x6bc kernel/time/timer.c:1820 run_timer_softirq+0x7c/0x114 kernel/time/timer.c:1833 handle_softirqs+0x318/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:596 __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ____do_softirq+0x14/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:80 call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:893 do_softirq_own_stack+0x20/0x2c arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:85 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:477 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x23c/0x43c kernel/softirq.c:679 irq_exit_rcu+0x14/0x84 kernel/softirq.c:691 __el1_irq arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:472 [inline] el1_interrupt+0x38/0x54 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:486 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:491 el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:581 arch_local_irq_restore+0x8/0x10 arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h:122 lock_is_held include/linux/lockdep.h:283 [inline] mt_locked lib/maple_tree.c:-1 [inline] mt_slot lib/maple_tree.c:814 [inline] mas_slot lib/maple_tree.c:847 [inline] mt_validate_nulls lib/maple_tree.c:7188 [inline] mt_validate+0x3dcc/0x463c lib/maple_tree.c:7244 validate_mm_mt+0xb8/0x3a8 mm/mmap.c:294 validate_mm+0xb8/0x284 mm/mmap.c:331 __vma_adjust+0x1174/0x1678 mm/mmap.c:870 vma_adjust include/linux/mm.h:2742 [inline] __split_vma+0x324/0x448 mm/mmap.c:-1 split_vma+0xa0/0xf8 mm/mmap.c:2412 mprotect_fixup+0x3b8/0x5c4 mm/mprotect.c:623 do_mprotect_pkey mm/mprotect.c:792 [inline] __do_sys_mprotect mm/mprotect.c:819 [inline] __se_sys_mprotect mm/mprotect.c:816 [inline] __arm64_sys_mprotect+0x5b4/0xa14 mm/mprotect.c:816 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:38 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x98/0x2bc arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:52 el0_svc_common+0x138/0x258 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:140 do_el0_svc+0x58/0x13c arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:204 el0_svc+0x58/0x138 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:637 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x84/0xf0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:655 el0t_64_sync+0x18c/0x190 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:585 irq event stamp: 6015 hardirqs last enabled at (6014): [] __up_console_sem+0xb4/0x100 kernel/printk/printk.c:261 hardirqs last disabled at (6015): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:405 softirqs last enabled at (5784): [] local_bh_enable+0x10/0x34 include/linux/bottom_half.h:32 softirqs last disabled at (5833): [] __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5396 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 5396 Comm: modprobe Tainted: G W 6.1.141-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 sp : ffff8000080078c0 x29: ffff8000080078c0 x28: ffff0000f4432c00 x27: 0000000000000000 x26: ffff0000d86d3270 x25: dfff800000000000 x24: 1fffe0001b0da658 x23: 1fffe0001af41a69 x22: ffff0000d3fb4400 x21: 00000000c0000000 x20: ffff0000d59d9d94 x19: ffff800017a32000 x18: 0000000000000000 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082d1c00 x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000ffffffff x13: 0000000000000001 x12: 0000000000ff0100 x11: ff0080000819149c x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 1d068b124ad49a00 x8 : 1d068b124ad49a00 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff800008007358 x4 : ffff800015154700 x3 : ffff8000083115f4 x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000000000100 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x154/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:28 __refcount_sub_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:283 [inline] __refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:315 [inline] refcount_dec_and_test include/linux/refcount.h:333 [inline] put_net include/net/net_namespace.h:276 [inline] tipc_aead_encrypt net/tipc/crypto.c:829 [inline] tipc_crypto_xmit+0x1664/0x2014 net/tipc/crypto.c:1761 tipc_bearer_xmit_skb+0x1f0/0x384 net/tipc/bearer.c:574 tipc_disc_timeout+0x4c8/0x608 net/tipc/discover.c:338 call_timer_fn+0x1b8/0x964 kernel/time/timer.c:1504 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1549 [inline] __run_timers+0x460/0x6bc kernel/time/timer.c:1820 run_timer_softirq+0x7c/0x114 kernel/time/timer.c:1833 handle_softirqs+0x318/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:596 __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ____do_softirq+0x14/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:80 call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:893 do_softirq_own_stack+0x20/0x2c arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:85 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:477 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x23c/0x43c kernel/softirq.c:679 irq_exit_rcu+0x14/0x84 kernel/softirq.c:691 __el1_irq arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:472 [inline] el1_interrupt+0x38/0x54 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:486 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:491 el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:581 arch_local_irq_restore+0x8/0x10 arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h:122 lock_is_held include/linux/lockdep.h:283 [inline] mt_locked lib/maple_tree.c:-1 [inline] mt_slot lib/maple_tree.c:814 [inline] mas_slot lib/maple_tree.c:847 [inline] mt_validate_nulls lib/maple_tree.c:7188 [inline] mt_validate+0x3dcc/0x463c lib/maple_tree.c:7244 validate_mm_mt+0xb8/0x3a8 mm/mmap.c:294 validate_mm+0xb8/0x284 mm/mmap.c:331 __vma_adjust+0x1174/0x1678 mm/mmap.c:870 vma_adjust include/linux/mm.h:2742 [inline] __split_vma+0x324/0x448 mm/mmap.c:-1 split_vma+0xa0/0xf8 mm/mmap.c:2412 mprotect_fixup+0x3b8/0x5c4 mm/mprotect.c:623 do_mprotect_pkey mm/mprotect.c:792 [inline] __do_sys_mprotect mm/mprotect.c:819 [inline] __se_sys_mprotect mm/mprotect.c:816 [inline] __arm64_sys_mprotect+0x5b4/0xa14 mm/mprotect.c:816 __invoke_syscall arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:38 [inline] invoke_syscall+0x98/0x2bc arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:52 el0_svc_common+0x138/0x258 arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:140 do_el0_svc+0x58/0x13c arch/arm64/kernel/syscall.c:204 el0_svc+0x58/0x138 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:637 el0t_64_sync_handler+0x84/0xf0 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:655 el0t_64_sync+0x18c/0x190 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:585 irq event stamp: 6049 hardirqs last enabled at (6048): [] __up_console_sem+0xb4/0x100 kernel/printk/printk.c:261 hardirqs last disabled at (6049): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:405 softirqs last enabled at (5784): [] local_bh_enable+0x10/0x34 include/linux/bottom_half.h:32 softirqs last disabled at (5833): [] __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- ------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: saturated; leaking memory. WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at lib/refcount.c:22 refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G W 6.1.141-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/07/2025 pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) pc : refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 lr : refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 sp : ffff8000080078c0 x29: ffff8000080078c0 x28: ffff0000d9b23400 x27: ffff0000d3fb4408 x26: ffff0000d86d3270 x25: dfff800000000000 x24: 1fffe0001a7f6881 x23: ffff0000f37ba800 x22: ffff0000d59d9d94 x21: 000000007ffffffe x20: ffff0000d59d9d94 x19: ffff800017a32000 x18: ffff800011a7bce0 x17: 0000000000000000 x16: ffff8000082d1c00 x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 00000000ffffffff x13: 0000000000000001 x12: 0000000000ff0100 x11: ff0080000819149c x10: 0000000000000000 x9 : 6fa1aec0ded57c00 x8 : 6fa1aec0ded57c00 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001 x5 : ffff800008007358 x4 : ffff800015154700 x3 : ffff80000852da40 x2 : 0000000000000001 x1 : 0000000000000101 x0 : 0000000000000000 Call trace: refcount_warn_saturate+0x1b4/0x1f8 lib/refcount.c:22 __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:250 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:267 [inline] get_net include/net/net_namespace.h:257 [inline] tipc_aead_encrypt net/tipc/crypto.c:821 [inline] tipc_crypto_xmit+0x1518/0x2014 net/tipc/crypto.c:1761 tipc_bearer_xmit_skb+0x1f0/0x384 net/tipc/bearer.c:574 tipc_disc_timeout+0x4c8/0x608 net/tipc/discover.c:338 call_timer_fn+0x1b8/0x964 kernel/time/timer.c:1504 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1549 [inline] __run_timers+0x460/0x6bc kernel/time/timer.c:1820 run_timer_softirq+0x7c/0x114 kernel/time/timer.c:1833 handle_softirqs+0x318/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:596 __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ____do_softirq+0x14/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:80 call_on_irq_stack+0x24/0x4c arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:893 do_softirq_own_stack+0x20/0x2c arch/arm64/kernel/irq.c:85 invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:477 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x23c/0x43c kernel/softirq.c:679 irq_exit_rcu+0x14/0x84 kernel/softirq.c:691 __el1_irq arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:472 [inline] el1_interrupt+0x38/0x54 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:486 el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x24 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:491 el1h_64_irq+0x64/0x68 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:581 arch_local_irq_enable+0xc/0x18 arch/arm64/include/asm/irqflags.h:35 default_idle_call+0x68/0xdc kernel/sched/idle.c:109 cpuidle_idle_call kernel/sched/idle.c:191 [inline] do_idle+0x1d8/0x4bc kernel/sched/idle.c:303 cpu_startup_entry+0x5c/0x74 kernel/sched/idle.c:401 rest_init+0x2d4/0x2f0 init/main.c:733 start_kernel+0x0/0x554 init/main.c:893 start_kernel+0x4a4/0x554 init/main.c:1140 __primary_switched+0xb8/0xc0 arch/arm64/kernel/head.S:468 irq event stamp: 197827 hardirqs last enabled at (197826): [] __up_console_sem+0xb4/0x100 kernel/printk/printk.c:261 hardirqs last disabled at (197827): [] el1_dbg+0x24/0x80 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-common.c:405 softirqs last enabled at (197784): [] softirq_handle_end kernel/softirq.c:439 [inline] softirqs last enabled at (197784): [] handle_softirqs+0xaf8/0xc6c kernel/softirq.c:624 softirqs last disabled at (197797): [] __do_softirq+0x14/0x20 kernel/softirq.c:630 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---