RBP: 00007fd746e11f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fd746fe6038 R14: 00007fd746fe5fa0 R15: 00007fff0c6ca648 ====================================================== WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected syzkaller #0 Tainted: G U ------------------------------------------------------ syz.3.5949/20026 is trying to acquire lock: ffff88807d585288 (&ima_iint_mutex_key[depth]){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: process_measurement+0x7e0/0x23e0 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:299 but task is already holding lock: ffffffff8f518668 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: device_pm_lock drivers/base/power/main.c:128 [inline] ffffffff8f518668 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: dpm_for_each_dev drivers/base/power/main.c:2290 [inline] ffffffff8f518668 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: dpm_for_each_dev+0x2d/0xb0 drivers/base/power/main.c:2283 which lock already depends on the new lock. the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is: -> #4 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}: __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:598 [inline] __mutex_lock+0x193/0x1060 kernel/locking/mutex.c:760 device_pm_add+0x87/0x3e0 drivers/base/power/main.c:152 device_add+0x9cd/0x1aa0 drivers/base/core.c:3652 device_create_groups_vargs+0x1f8/0x270 drivers/base/core.c:4371 device_create+0xed/0x130 drivers/base/core.c:4410 sound_insert_unit.constprop.0+0x58e/0x6d0 sound/sound_core.c:280 register_sound_special_device+0x117/0x460 sound/sound_core.c:408 snd_register_oss_device+0x2b0/0x5b0 sound/core/sound_oss.c:122 register_device sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c:233 [inline] alsa_seq_oss_init+0x31/0x2e0 sound/core/seq/oss/seq_oss.c:70 do_one_initcall+0x120/0x6e0 init/main.c:1269 do_initcall_level init/main.c:1331 [inline] do_initcalls init/main.c:1347 [inline] do_basic_setup init/main.c:1366 [inline] kernel_init_freeable+0x5c2/0x910 init/main.c:1579 kernel_init+0x1c/0x2b0 init/main.c:1469 ret_from_fork+0x56d/0x730 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:148 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245 -> #3 (sound_oss_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}: __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:598 [inline] __mutex_lock+0x193/0x1060 kernel/locking/mutex.c:760 class_mutex_constructor include/linux/mutex.h:228 [inline] snd_lookup_oss_minor_data+0x41/0x1b0 sound/core/sound_oss.c:32 snd_pcm_oss_open+0x197/0x1400 sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c:2486 soundcore_open+0x40c/0x580 sound/sound_core.c:594 chrdev_open+0x231/0x6a0 fs/char_dev.c:414 do_dentry_open+0x97f/0x1530 fs/open.c:965 vfs_open+0x82/0x3f0 fs/open.c:1095 do_open fs/namei.c:3887 [inline] path_openat+0x1de4/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046 do_filp_open+0x20b/0x470 fs/namei.c:4073 file_open_name+0x2a3/0x450 fs/open.c:1379 filp_open+0x4b/0x80 fs/open.c:1399 target_core_item_dbroot_store+0x108/0x350 drivers/target/target_core_configfs.c:134 flush_write_buffer fs/configfs/file.c:207 [inline] configfs_write_iter+0x303/0x4e0 fs/configfs/file.c:229 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x7d3/0x11d0 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x12a/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f -> #2 (target_devices_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}: __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:598 [inline] __mutex_lock+0x193/0x1060 kernel/locking/mutex.c:760 target_core_item_dbroot_store+0x21/0x350 drivers/target/target_core_configfs.c:114 flush_write_buffer fs/configfs/file.c:207 [inline] configfs_write_iter+0x303/0x4e0 fs/configfs/file.c:229 new_sync_write fs/read_write.c:593 [inline] vfs_write+0x7d3/0x11d0 fs/read_write.c:686 ksys_write+0x12a/0x250 fs/read_write.c:738 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f -> #1 (&p->frag_sem){.+.+}-{4:4}: down_read+0x9b/0x480 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1537 __configfs_open_file+0xe8/0x9c0 fs/configfs/file.c:304 do_dentry_open+0x97f/0x1530 fs/open.c:965 vfs_open+0x82/0x3f0 fs/open.c:1095 dentry_open+0x71/0xd0 fs/open.c:1118 ima_calc_file_hash+0x2b6/0x490 security/integrity/ima/ima_crypto.c:553 ima_collect_measurement+0x899/0xa40 security/integrity/ima/ima_api.c:293 process_measurement+0x11fa/0x23e0 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:405 ima_file_check+0xc5/0x110 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:633 security_file_post_open+0x8e/0x210 security/security.c:3160 do_open fs/namei.c:3889 [inline] path_openat+0x1404/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046 do_filp_open+0x20b/0x470 fs/namei.c:4073 do_sys_openat2+0x11b/0x1d0 fs/open.c:1435 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1450 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1466 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1461 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x174/0x210 fs/open.c:1461 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f -> #0 (&ima_iint_mutex_key[depth]){+.+.}-{4:4}: check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165 [inline] check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline] validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908 [inline] __lock_acquire+0x12a6/0x1ce0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237 lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline] lock_acquire+0x179/0x350 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825 __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:598 [inline] __mutex_lock+0x193/0x1060 kernel/locking/mutex.c:760 process_measurement+0x7e0/0x23e0 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:299 ima_file_check+0xc5/0x110 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:633 security_file_post_open+0x8e/0x210 security/security.c:3160 do_open fs/namei.c:3889 [inline] path_openat+0x1404/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046 do_file_open_root+0x322/0x610 fs/namei.c:4098 file_open_root+0x2a7/0x450 fs/open.c:1414 kernel_read_file_from_path_initns+0x189/0x260 fs/kernel_read_file.c:163 fw_get_filesystem_firmware drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:549 [inline] _request_firmware+0x744/0x1470 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:881 request_firmware drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:957 [inline] cache_firmware drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1295 [inline] __async_dev_cache_fw_image+0xb1/0x340 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1409 async_schedule_node_domain+0xd4/0x120 kernel/async.c:221 async_schedule_domain include/linux/async.h:72 [inline] dev_cache_fw_image+0x38e/0x490 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1465 dpm_for_each_dev drivers/base/power/main.c:2292 [inline] dpm_for_each_dev+0x5d/0xb0 drivers/base/power/main.c:2283 device_cache_fw_images drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1515 [inline] fw_pm_notify+0x81/0x150 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1566 notifier_call_chain+0xb9/0x410 kernel/notifier.c:85 notifier_call_chain_robust kernel/notifier.c:120 [inline] blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust kernel/notifier.c:345 [inline] blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust+0xc8/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:333 pm_notifier_call_chain_robust+0x27/0x60 kernel/power/main.c:103 snapshot_open+0x218/0x2b0 kernel/power/user.c:87 misc_open+0x35a/0x420 drivers/char/misc.c:161 chrdev_open+0x231/0x6a0 fs/char_dev.c:414 do_dentry_open+0x97f/0x1530 fs/open.c:965 vfs_open+0x82/0x3f0 fs/open.c:1095 do_open fs/namei.c:3887 [inline] path_openat+0x1de4/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046 do_filp_open+0x20b/0x470 fs/namei.c:4073 do_sys_openat2+0x11b/0x1d0 fs/open.c:1435 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1450 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1466 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1461 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x174/0x210 fs/open.c:1461 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f other info that might help us debug this: Chain exists of: &ima_iint_mutex_key[depth] --> sound_oss_mutex --> dpm_list_mtx Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 CPU1 ---- ---- lock(dpm_list_mtx); lock(sound_oss_mutex); lock(dpm_list_mtx); lock(&ima_iint_mutex_key[depth]); *** DEADLOCK *** 5 locks held by syz.3.5949/20026: #0: ffffffff8f3080e8 (misc_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: misc_open+0x63/0x420 drivers/char/misc.c:125 #1: ffffffff8e484b88 (system_transition_mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: lock_system_sleep+0x87/0xa0 kernel/power/main.c:57 #2: ffffffff8e4c4ff0 ((pm_chain_head).rwsem){++++}-{4:4}, at: blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust kernel/notifier.c:344 [inline] #2: ffffffff8e4c4ff0 ((pm_chain_head).rwsem){++++}-{4:4}, at: blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust+0xa8/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:333 #3: ffffffff8f51dc68 (fw_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: device_cache_fw_images drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1513 [inline] #3: ffffffff8f51dc68 (fw_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: fw_pm_notify+0x69/0x150 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1566 #4: ffffffff8f518668 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: device_pm_lock drivers/base/power/main.c:128 [inline] #4: ffffffff8f518668 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: dpm_for_each_dev drivers/base/power/main.c:2290 [inline] #4: ffffffff8f518668 (dpm_list_mtx){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: dpm_for_each_dev+0x2d/0xb0 drivers/base/power/main.c:2283 stack backtrace: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 20026 Comm: syz.3.5949 Tainted: G U syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [U]=USER Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 08/18/2025 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 print_circular_bug+0x275/0x350 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2043 check_noncircular+0x14c/0x170 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2175 check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165 [inline] check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline] validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908 [inline] __lock_acquire+0x12a6/0x1ce0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237 lock_acquire kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868 [inline] lock_acquire+0x179/0x350 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5825 __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:598 [inline] __mutex_lock+0x193/0x1060 kernel/locking/mutex.c:760 process_measurement+0x7e0/0x23e0 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:299 ima_file_check+0xc5/0x110 security/integrity/ima/ima_main.c:633 security_file_post_open+0x8e/0x210 security/security.c:3160 do_open fs/namei.c:3889 [inline] path_openat+0x1404/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046 do_file_open_root+0x322/0x610 fs/namei.c:4098 file_open_root+0x2a7/0x450 fs/open.c:1414 kernel_read_file_from_path_initns+0x189/0x260 fs/kernel_read_file.c:163 fw_get_filesystem_firmware drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:549 [inline] _request_firmware+0x744/0x1470 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:881 request_firmware drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:957 [inline] cache_firmware drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1295 [inline] __async_dev_cache_fw_image+0xb1/0x340 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1409 async_schedule_node_domain+0xd4/0x120 kernel/async.c:221 async_schedule_domain include/linux/async.h:72 [inline] dev_cache_fw_image+0x38e/0x490 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1465 dpm_for_each_dev drivers/base/power/main.c:2292 [inline] dpm_for_each_dev+0x5d/0xb0 drivers/base/power/main.c:2283 device_cache_fw_images drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1515 [inline] fw_pm_notify+0x81/0x150 drivers/base/firmware_loader/main.c:1566 notifier_call_chain+0xb9/0x410 kernel/notifier.c:85 notifier_call_chain_robust kernel/notifier.c:120 [inline] blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust kernel/notifier.c:345 [inline] blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust+0xc8/0x160 kernel/notifier.c:333 pm_notifier_call_chain_robust+0x27/0x60 kernel/power/main.c:103 snapshot_open+0x218/0x2b0 kernel/power/user.c:87 misc_open+0x35a/0x420 drivers/char/misc.c:161 chrdev_open+0x231/0x6a0 fs/char_dev.c:414 do_dentry_open+0x97f/0x1530 fs/open.c:965 vfs_open+0x82/0x3f0 fs/open.c:1095 do_open fs/namei.c:3887 [inline] path_openat+0x1de4/0x2cb0 fs/namei.c:4046 do_filp_open+0x20b/0x470 fs/namei.c:4073 do_sys_openat2+0x11b/0x1d0 fs/open.c:1435 do_sys_open fs/open.c:1450 [inline] __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1466 [inline] __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1461 [inline] __x64_sys_openat+0x174/0x210 fs/open.c:1461 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7fd746d8eec9 Code: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 a8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fd747ca8038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000101 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fd746fe5fa0 RCX: 00007fd746d8eec9 RDX: 0000000000080643 RSI: 0000200000001940 RDI: ffffffffffffff9c RBP: 00007fd746e11f91 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007fd746fe6038 R14: 00007fd746fe5fa0 R15: 00007fff0c6ca648 (NULL device *): loading /lib/firmware/regulatory.db failed with error -12 (NULL device *): Direct firmware load for regulatory.db failed with error -12 (NULL device *): Falling back to sysfs fallback for: regulatory.db