------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:25 at refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25, CPU#1: syz.1.1055/9761 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 9761 Comm: syz.1.1055 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25 Code: eb 66 85 db 74 3e 83 fb 01 75 4c e8 fb 5d 1f fd 48 8d 3d 14 62 76 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 e8 5d 1f fd 48 8d 3d 11 62 76 0b <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 d5 5d 1f fd 48 8d 3d 0e 62 76 0b 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc9001bf17d48 EFLAGS: 00010293 RAX: ffffffff84a4dce8 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: ffff888027b29e40 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffffffff8eef5060 RDI: ffffffff901b3f00 RBP: ffffc9001bf17e48 R08: ffff888027b29e40 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 1ffff920037e2fb4 R13: 1ffff1100fc4be05 R14: ffff888032fefcc8 R15: dffffc0000000000 FS: 00007f4bcb33b6c0(0000) GS:ffff8881255b0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 0000000035006000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 Call Trace: ax25_dev_hold include/net/ax25.h:285 [inline] ax25_setsockopt+0xab5/0xc30 net/ax25/af_ax25.c:705 do_sock_setsockopt+0x17c/0x1b0 net/socket.c:2322 __sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2347 [inline] __do_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2353 [inline] __se_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:2350 [inline] __x64_sys_setsockopt+0x13d/0x1b0 net/socket.c:2350 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x14d/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f4bca39bf79 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f4bcb33b028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000036 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f4bca615fa0 RCX: 00007f4bca39bf79 RDX: 0000000000000019 RSI: 0000000000000101 RDI: 0000000000000009 RBP: 00007f4bca4327e0 R08: 0000000000000010 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000200000000240 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f4bca616038 R14: 00007f4bca615fa0 R15: 00007ffefb5e2058 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: eb 66 jmp 0x68 2: 85 db test %ebx,%ebx 4: 74 3e je 0x44 6: 83 fb 01 cmp $0x1,%ebx 9: 75 4c jne 0x57 b: e8 fb 5d 1f fd call 0xfd1f5e0b 10: 48 8d 3d 14 62 76 0b lea 0xb766214(%rip),%rdi # 0xb76622b 17: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1c: eb 4a jmp 0x68 1e: e8 e8 5d 1f fd call 0xfd1f5e0b 23: 48 8d 3d 11 62 76 0b lea 0xb766211(%rip),%rdi # 0xb76623b * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 37 jmp 0x68 31: e8 d5 5d 1f fd call 0xfd1f5e0b 36: 48 8d 3d 0e 62 76 0b lea 0xb76620e(%rip),%rdi # 0xb76624b 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf