------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:28 at refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28, CPU#0: syz.3.189/6722 Modules linked in: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 6722 Comm: syz.3.189 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/13/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xb2/0x110 lib/refcount.c:28 Code: c4 0a 59 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 c8 ce 23 fd 48 8d 3d c1 0a 59 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 b5 ce 23 fd 48 8d 3d be 0a 59 0b <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 24 e8 a2 ce 23 fd 48 8d 3d bb 0a 59 0b 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc90000007c88 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: ffffffff84a0a89b RBX: 0000000000000003 RCX: ffff88803065db80 RDX: 0000000000000100 RSI: ffffffff8ece7500 RDI: ffffffff8ff9b360 RBP: ffffc90000007d90 R08: ffff88803065db80 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000100 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00000000ffffb5f0 R14: ffff8880325fc020 R15: ffff8880325fc1b8 FS: 00007f17af9f66c0(0000) GS:ffff8881256f5000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f17af9d5d58 CR3: 000000001de9c000 CR4: 00000000003526f0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000600 Call Trace: call_timer_fn+0x192/0x5a0 kernel/time/timer.c:1748 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1799 [inline] __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2373 [inline] __run_timer_base+0x652/0x8b0 kernel/time/timer.c:2385 run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2394 [inline] run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x170 kernel/time/timer.c:2404 handle_softirqs+0x22a/0x7c0 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:496 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0x5f/0x150 kernel/softirq.c:723 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:739 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1056 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1056 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:697 RIP: 0010:unwind_next_frame+0x714/0x23c0 arch/x86/kernel/unwind_orc.c:527 Code: 24 40 0f b6 04 28 84 c0 48 89 54 24 08 48 89 34 24 0f 85 3d 16 00 00 4c 89 e0 48 c1 e8 03 0f b6 04 28 84 c0 0f 85 53 16 00 00 <0f> b7 1e c1 eb 0b 80 e3 01 48 8b 44 24 28 0f b6 04 28 84 c0 4c 8b RSP: 0018:ffffc90003fcf838 EFLAGS: 00000246 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffffff90105db8 RCX: ffffffff90105dbc RDX: ffffffff909037ee RSI: ffffffff909037f2 RDI: ffffffff8c073920 RBP: dffffc0000000000 R08: 0000000000000014 R09: ffffffff8e55a360 R10: ffffc90003fcf448 R11: ffffffff81afb170 R12: ffffffff909037f3 R13: ffffc90003fcf958 R14: ffffc90003fcf908 R15: ffffffff81759195 arch_stack_walk+0x11b/0x150 arch/x86/kernel/stacktrace.c:25 stack_trace_save+0xa9/0x100 kernel/stacktrace.c:122 kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:57 [inline] kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:78 unpoison_slab_object mm/kasan/common.c:340 [inline] __kasan_slab_alloc+0x6c/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:366 kasan_slab_alloc include/linux/kasan.h:253 [inline] slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4953 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:5263 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x370/0x6e0 mm/slub.c:5270 sk_prot_alloc+0x57/0x210 net/core/sock.c:2239 sk_alloc+0x3a/0x390 net/core/sock.c:2301 inet_create+0x7a0/0x1000 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:328 __sock_create+0x4b2/0x9d0 net/socket.c:1605 sock_create net/socket.c:1663 [inline] __sys_socket_create net/socket.c:1700 [inline] __sys_socket+0xd6/0x1b0 net/socket.c:1747 __do_sys_socket net/socket.c:1761 [inline] __se_sys_socket net/socket.c:1759 [inline] __x64_sys_socket+0x7a/0x90 net/socket.c:1759 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xe2/0xf80 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f17b179aeb9 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f17af9f6028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000029 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f17b1a15fa0 RCX: 00007f17b179aeb9 RDX: 0000000000000084 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: 0000000000000002 RBP: 00007f17b1808c1f R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 00007f17b1a16038 R14: 00007f17b1a15fa0 R15: 00007ffc4d289b68 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess), 1 bytes skipped: 0: 0a 59 0b or 0xb(%rcx),%bl 3: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 8: eb 4a jmp 0x54 a: e8 c8 ce 23 fd call 0xfd23ced7 f: 48 8d 3d c1 0a 59 0b lea 0xb590ac1(%rip),%rdi # 0xb590ad7 16: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1b: eb 37 jmp 0x54 1d: e8 b5 ce 23 fd call 0xfd23ced7 22: 48 8d 3d be 0a 59 0b lea 0xb590abe(%rip),%rdi # 0xb590ae7 * 29: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2e: eb 24 jmp 0x54 30: e8 a2 ce 23 fd call 0xfd23ced7 35: 48 8d 3d bb 0a 59 0b lea 0xb590abb(%rip),%rdi # 0xb590af7 3c: 67 addr32 3d: 48 rex.W 3e: 0f .byte 0xf