------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: lib/refcount.c:25 at refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25, CPU#1: syz.0.2220/13955 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 13955 Comm: syz.0.2220 Tainted: G L syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [L]=SOFTLOCKUP Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 07/16/2026 RIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x9f/0x110 lib/refcount.c:25 Code: eb 66 85 db 74 3e 83 fb 01 75 4c e8 6b d2 e9 fc 48 8d 3d f4 46 a7 0b 67 48 0f b9 3a eb 4a e8 58 d2 e9 fc 48 8d 3d f1 46 a7 0b <67> 48 0f b9 3a eb 37 e8 45 d2 e9 fc 48 8d 3d ee 46 a7 0b 67 48 0f RSP: 0018:ffffc90000a18c28 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: ffffffff84dde548 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: ffff88807715be80 RDX: 0000000000000100 RSI: 0000000000000100 RDI: ffffffff90852c40 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffff88807715be80 R09: 0000000000000005 R10: 0000000000000004 R11: 0000000000000100 R12: dffffc0000000000 R13: 0000000000000001 R14: ffff888020fde004 R15: ffff888020fde640 FS: 00007f4a87be06c0(0000) GS:ffff888124dda000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007ff55dd92eb8 CR3: 000000005800b000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0 Call Trace: sctp_generate_timeout_event+0x1c8/0x390 net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:284 call_timer_fn+0x18d/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1748 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1799 [inline] __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2374 [inline] __run_timer_base+0x652/0x8b0 kernel/time/timer.c:2386 run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2395 [inline] run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x170 kernel/time/timer.c:2405 handle_softirqs+0x226/0x860 kernel/softirq.c:645 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:679 [inline] invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:519 [inline] __irq_exit_rcu+0xcb/0x220 kernel/softirq.c:767 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:784 instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1062 [inline] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0xa6/0xc0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1062 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:674 RIP: 0010:lock_acquire+0x232/0x350 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5913 Code: ff ff ff e8 a0 a9 40 0a f7 44 24 10 00 02 00 00 0f 84 38 ff ff ff 65 48 8b 05 f2 44 f1 11 48 3b 44 24 50 75 33 fb 48 83 c4 58 <5b> 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f 5d e9 ba 25 6d ff cc 48 8d 3d 77 31 da RSP: 0018:ffffc9000dabfac8 EFLAGS: 00000282 RAX: b29753db72d85c00 RBX: 0000000000000001 RCX: 8000000000000001 RDX: 00000000b866b3b2 RSI: ffffffff8e6fc28f RDI: ffffffff8c6d9380 RBP: ffff88807715be80 R08: 8c00000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: ffff888066f6e418 R12: ffff888066f6e418 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000246 __raw_spin_lock include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:190 [inline] _raw_spin_lock+0x2e/0x40 kernel/locking/spinlock.c:173 spin_lock include/linux/spinlock.h:347 [inline] __io_cq_lock io_uring/io_uring.c:484 [inline] __io_submit_flush_completions+0x85/0x10d0 io_uring/io_uring.c:1133 io_submit_flush_completions io_uring/io_uring.h:253 [inline] io_submit_state_end io_uring/io_uring.c:1939 [inline] io_submit_sqes+0x1cec/0x2310 io_uring/io_uring.c:2063 __do_sys_io_uring_enter io_uring/io_uring.c:2637 [inline] __se_sys_io_uring_enter+0x35b/0x1bb0 io_uring/io_uring.c:2586 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:61 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x166/0x520 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:84 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f4a86d9e159 Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007f4a87bdff38 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000001aa RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000200000000340 RCX: 00007f4a86d9e159 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: 0000000000000009 RBP: 0000000000000a12 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000008 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000200000000940 R13: 0000200000000948 R14: 0000000000000e26 R15: 0000000000000002 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess): 0: eb 66 jmp 0x68 2: 85 db test %ebx,%ebx 4: 74 3e je 0x44 6: 83 fb 01 cmp $0x1,%ebx 9: 75 4c jne 0x57 b: e8 6b d2 e9 fc call 0xfce9d27b 10: 48 8d 3d f4 46 a7 0b lea 0xba746f4(%rip),%rdi # 0xba7470b 17: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi 1c: eb 4a jmp 0x68 1e: e8 58 d2 e9 fc call 0xfce9d27b 23: 48 8d 3d f1 46 a7 0b lea 0xba746f1(%rip),%rdi # 0xba7471b * 2a: 67 48 0f b9 3a ud1 (%edx),%rdi <-- trapping instruction 2f: eb 37 jmp 0x68 31: e8 45 d2 e9 fc call 0xfce9d27b 36: 48 8d 3d ee 46 a7 0b lea 0xba746ee(%rip),%rdi # 0xba7472b 3d: 67 addr32 3e: 48 rex.W 3f: 0f .byte 0xf