syzbot


possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex

Status: upstream: reported on 2026/03/23 18:39
Reported-by: syzbot+d6e76f33e4d273c880e8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
First crash: 94d, last: 2d04h
Similar bugs (2)
Kernel Title Rank 🛈 Repro Cause bisect Fix bisect Count Last Reported Patched Status
upstream possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex netfilter 4 21 127d 224d 0/29 closed as dup on 2026/01/05 09:18
linux-6.1 possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex 4 39 9h26m 97d 0/3 upstream: reported on 2026/03/21 00:14

Sample crash report:
======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
syzkaller #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
syz.1.2503/12587 is trying to acquire lock:
ffffffff97692458 (nfnl_subsys_ipset){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex+0x67/0x230 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c:909

but task is already holding lock:
ffff88802bb2a8b8 (&nft_net->commit_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: nf_tables_valid_genid+0x3b/0x100 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:10853

which lock already depends on the new lock.


the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

-> #2 (&nft_net->commit_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:603 [inline]
       __mutex_lock+0x135/0xc80 kernel/locking/mutex.c:747
       nf_tables_dumpreset_obj+0x72/0xa0 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:7996
       netlink_dump+0x738/0xec0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2269
       __netlink_dump_start+0x57c/0x7a0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2377
       netlink_dump_start include/linux/netlink.h:338 [inline]
       nft_netlink_dump_start_rcu+0xdb/0x1a0 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:1124
       nf_tables_getobj_reset+0x1e1/0x630 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:8131
       nfnetlink_rcv_msg+0x89c/0x1290 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:290
       netlink_rcv_skb+0x235/0x4c0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550
       nfnetlink_rcv+0x2c9/0x2490 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:659
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1320 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x7b1/0x930 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1346
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8d0/0xbf0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1899
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:745 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x61b/0x980 net/socket.c:2595
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x2a6/0x360 net/socket.c:2649
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2678 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2687 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1d0/0x2c0 net/socket.c:2685
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x55/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2

-> #1 (nlk_cb_mutex-NETFILTER){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:603 [inline]
       __mutex_lock+0x135/0xc80 kernel/locking/mutex.c:747
       __netlink_dump_start+0xf4/0x7a0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2341
       netlink_dump_start include/linux/netlink.h:338 [inline]
       ip_set_dump+0x15c/0x1f0 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c:1717
       nfnetlink_rcv_msg+0xcaf/0x1290 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:302
       netlink_rcv_skb+0x235/0x4c0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550
       nfnetlink_rcv+0x2c9/0x2490 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:659
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1320 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x7b1/0x930 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1346
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8d0/0xbf0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1899
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:745 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x61b/0x980 net/socket.c:2595
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x2a6/0x360 net/socket.c:2649
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2678 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2687 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1d0/0x2c0 net/socket.c:2685
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x55/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2

-> #0 (nfnl_subsys_ipset){+.+.}-{3:3}:
       check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3134 [inline]
       check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3253 [inline]
       validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3869 [inline]
       __lock_acquire+0x37ef/0x7d80 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5137
       lock_acquire+0x19e/0x420 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5754
       __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:603 [inline]
       __mutex_lock+0x135/0xc80 kernel/locking/mutex.c:747
       ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex+0x67/0x230 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c:909
       set_target_v1_checkentry+0x8c/0x4f0 net/netfilter/xt_set.c:313
       xt_check_target+0x4a1/0xbf0 net/netfilter/x_tables.c:1061
       nft_target_init+0x694/0xa00 net/netfilter/nft_compat.c:268
       nf_tables_newexpr net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:3307 [inline]
       nf_tables_newrule+0x176e/0x2870 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:4140
       nfnetlink_rcv_batch net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:519 [inline]
       nfnetlink_rcv_skb_batch net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:639 [inline]
       nfnetlink_rcv+0x1133/0x2490 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:657
       netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1320 [inline]
       netlink_unicast+0x7b1/0x930 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1346
       netlink_sendmsg+0x8d0/0xbf0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1899
       sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline]
       __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:745 [inline]
       ____sys_sendmsg+0x61b/0x980 net/socket.c:2595
       ___sys_sendmsg+0x2a6/0x360 net/socket.c:2649
       __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2678 [inline]
       __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2687 [inline]
       __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1d0/0x2c0 net/socket.c:2685
       do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
       do_syscall_64+0x55/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
       entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2

other info that might help us debug this:

Chain exists of:
  nfnl_subsys_ipset --> nlk_cb_mutex-NETFILTER --> &nft_net->commit_mutex

 Possible unsafe locking scenario:

       CPU0                    CPU1
       ----                    ----
  lock(&nft_net->commit_mutex);
                               lock(nlk_cb_mutex-NETFILTER);
                               lock(&nft_net->commit_mutex);
  lock(nfnl_subsys_ipset);

 *** DEADLOCK ***

1 lock held by syz.1.2503/12587:
 #0: ffff88802bb2a8b8 (&nft_net->commit_mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: nf_tables_valid_genid+0x3b/0x100 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:10853

stack backtrace:
CPU: 0 PID: 12587 Comm: syz.1.2503 Not tainted syzkaller #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/09/2026
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 dump_stack_lvl+0x18c/0x250 lib/dump_stack.c:106
 check_noncircular+0x2fc/0x400 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2187
 check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3134 [inline]
 check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3253 [inline]
 validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3869 [inline]
 __lock_acquire+0x37ef/0x7d80 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5137
 lock_acquire+0x19e/0x420 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5754
 __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:603 [inline]
 __mutex_lock+0x135/0xc80 kernel/locking/mutex.c:747
 ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex+0x67/0x230 net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c:909
 set_target_v1_checkentry+0x8c/0x4f0 net/netfilter/xt_set.c:313
 xt_check_target+0x4a1/0xbf0 net/netfilter/x_tables.c:1061
 nft_target_init+0x694/0xa00 net/netfilter/nft_compat.c:268
 nf_tables_newexpr net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:3307 [inline]
 nf_tables_newrule+0x176e/0x2870 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:4140
 nfnetlink_rcv_batch net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:519 [inline]
 nfnetlink_rcv_skb_batch net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:639 [inline]
 nfnetlink_rcv+0x1133/0x2490 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:657
 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1320 [inline]
 netlink_unicast+0x7b1/0x930 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1346
 netlink_sendmsg+0x8d0/0xbf0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1899
 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline]
 __sock_sendmsg net/socket.c:745 [inline]
 ____sys_sendmsg+0x61b/0x980 net/socket.c:2595
 ___sys_sendmsg+0x2a6/0x360 net/socket.c:2649
 __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2678 [inline]
 __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2687 [inline]
 __se_sys_sendmsg+0x1d0/0x2c0 net/socket.c:2685
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x55/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:76
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x68/0xd2
RIP: 0033:0x7fe56279ce59
Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 e8 ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007fe56368d028 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fe562a15fa0 RCX: 00007fe56279ce59
RDX: 0000000000000800 RSI: 0000200000000300 RDI: 0000000000000003
RBP: 00007fe562832e6f R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007fe562a16038 R14: 00007fe562a15fa0 R15: 00007ffdc0621778
 </TASK>
Cannot find del_set index 256 as target

Crashes (29):
Time Kernel Commit Syzkaller Config Log Report Syz repro C repro VM info Assets (help?) Manager Title
2026/06/24 00:31 linux-6.6.y d1cfde2d5d15 042555ff .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/24 00:31 linux-6.6.y d1cfde2d5d15 042555ff .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/22 22:45 linux-6.6.y d1cfde2d5d15 5a630be6 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/19 14:44 linux-6.6.y d1cfde2d5d15 570c59ee .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/19 14:44 linux-6.6.y d1cfde2d5d15 570c59ee .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/15 19:01 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb 50bb0618 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/15 19:01 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb 50bb0618 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/07 17:38 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb cc095639 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/06 12:13 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb cc095639 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/05 11:38 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb 48b6c3fa .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/05 11:38 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb 48b6c3fa .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/03 12:36 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb 234057e5 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/06/01 21:23 linux-6.6.y 924b4a879cbb 1095583b .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/05/29 12:54 linux-6.6.y 0a40c6fbd105 6b4a8443 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/05/29 12:53 linux-6.6.y 0a40c6fbd105 6b4a8443 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/05/16 10:36 linux-6.6.y 4d922539ad7d a15a64a6 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/05/09 02:47 linux-6.6.y 3b9f64db0496 29233ece .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/05/09 02:47 linux-6.6.y 3b9f64db0496 29233ece .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/27 15:10 linux-6.6.y 142cd8382222 0f700595 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/27 15:10 linux-6.6.y 142cd8382222 0f700595 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/20 11:35 linux-6.6.y 9760bf04666d 303e2802 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/17 15:14 linux-6.6.y 8cee53b8eaeb 24ecfc1e .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/17 15:14 linux-6.6.y 8cee53b8eaeb 24ecfc1e .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/17 15:14 linux-6.6.y 8cee53b8eaeb 24ecfc1e .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/07 23:21 linux-6.6.y 80de0a958133 2c961e87 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/04/07 23:21 linux-6.6.y 80de0a958133 2c961e87 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/03/25 08:57 linux-6.6.y 4fc00fe35d46 8ee77f7d .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/03/24 01:10 linux-6.6.y 4fc00fe35d46 baf8bf12 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
2026/03/23 18:38 linux-6.6.y 4fc00fe35d46 4933dba2 .config console log report info [disk image] [vmlinux] [kernel image] ci2-linux-6-6-kasan possible deadlock in ip_set_nfnl_get_byindex
* Struck through repros no longer work on HEAD.